lbyo abaturage babona Nyabugogo ntibivugwa

Mu   gihe  u  Rwanda rukomeje gushyira imbaraga mu iterambere rirambye no kurengera ibidukikije, hari ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi bikomeje kwibazwaho uruhare rwabyo mu kwangiza umutungo kamere. Rumwe muri ibyo ni uruganda rukora amatafari ruri hafi y’uruzi rwa Nyabarongo River, aho abaturage bavuga ko ibikorwa byarwo bishobora kuba bifite ingaruka ku buzima bw’uru ruzi n’ibinyabuzima birutuyemo. 

Mu duce dutandukanye twegereye uru ruzi, hagaragara ibikorwa by’inganda zikoresha amazi menshi, zirimo n’uruganda rukora amatafari rukenera amazi mu kubumba no gutunganya ibikoresho byarwo. Amakuru atangwa n’abaturage baturiye uru ruzi agaragaza ko uru ruganda rukura amazi muri Nyabarongo ku kigero kinini, cyane cyane mu bihe by’izuba.

Umwe mu baturage utuye hafi aho yagize ati: “Amazi bayakuramo ari menshi ku buryo hari igihe ubona amazi agabanutse, ndetse hari n’aho asa n’ahindutse ibara.”

Nubwo gukoresha amazi mu nganda ari kimwe mu bikorwa byemewe n’amategeko, impungenge zishingiye ku buryo ayo mazi akoreshwa ndetse n’ingaruka bishobora kugira ku bidukikije.

Uruzi rwa Nyabarongo ni ingenzi mu buzima bw’ibinyabuzima bitandukanye birimo amafi, ibimera byo mu mazi n’udukoko dufite uruhare mu kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima. Gusa bamwe mu baturage bavuga ko hari impinduka bagenda babona.

Hari abavuga ko amafi yagabanutse ugereranyije n’uko byari bimeze mu myaka ishize, mu gihe abandi bavuga ko hari ibimenyetso by’uko amazi ashobora kuba ari guhinduka, nko kugira ibara ridasanzwe cyangwa impumuro itamenyerewe.

Abahanga mu bidukikije bagaragaza ko ibikorwa byo gukura amazi mu buryo bukabije cyangwa gusubiza mu ruzi amazi yakoreshejwe atavuwe neza bishobora kugira ingaruka zirimo:

• Kugabanuka kw’amazi bigira ingaruka ku mibereho y’ibinyabuzima
• Guhindura imiterere y’amazi (temperature, oxygen)
• Guhumanya amazi bigatuma ubuzima bwo mu mazi bugeramiwe

Uretse ibinyabuzima, abaturage na bo bashobora kugerwaho n’ingaruka z’ibi bikorwa. Nyabarongo ikoreshwa mu buhinzi, uburobyi ndetse no mu mirimo ya buri munsi irimo kuvoma amazi.

Umwe mu barobyi yavuze ko umusaruro wabo wagabanutse: “Mbere twarobaga amafi menshi, ariko ubu bisaba amasaha menshi kugira ngo ubone n’ake.”

Abahinzi nabo bavuga ko impinduka mu mazi zishobora kugira ingaruka ku musaruro wabo, cyane cyane mu gihe amazi agabanutse cyangwa ahindutse.

Ku ruhande rw’uruganda rukora amatafari, hakenewe kumenya niba rufite ibyangombwa byemewe n’amategeko birimo uburenganzira bwo gukoresha amazi ya Nyabarongo, ndetse n’uko rukurikiza amabwiriza yo kurengera ibidukikije.

Amategeko y’u Rwanda asaba ko inganda zikoresha umutungo kamere zigomba gukora inyigo z’ingaruka ku bidukikije (EIA) no gushyiraho ingamba zo kugabanya ingaruka zishobora guterwa n’ibikorwa byazo.

Ni muri urwo rwego, inzego zibishinzwe zirimo Rwanda Environment Management Authority zifite inshingano zo kugenzura niba ayo mabwiriza yubahirizwa.

Nubwo hari impungenge z’abaturage, haracyakenewe amakuru yizewe atangwa n’inzego zemewe kugira ngo hamenyekane neza niba koko ibikorwa by’uruganda bifite ingaruka ku ruzi.

Abasesenguzi bavuga ko ari ngombwa ko hakorwa igenzura ryimbitse rigaragaza:

• Ingano y’amazi akoreshwa n’uruganda
• Uburyo amazi yakoreshejwe asubizwa mu ruzi
• Imiterere y’ubuziranenge bw’amazi (water quality tests)

Ibi byafasha gutanga ishusho nyayo y’ingaruka zishobora kuba zihari cyangwa kwirinda gukwirakwiza amakuru adafite gihamya.

Abahanga mu bidukikije bagaragaza ko kurengera uruzi nka Nyabarongo bisaba ubufatanye bw’inzego zitandukanye:

• Gukaza igenzura ku nganda zikoresha amazi menshi
• Gushyiraho uburyo buhamye bwo gutunganya amazi yakoreshejwe mbere yo kuyasubiza mu ruzi
• Kwigisha abaturage n’abikorera ku kamaro ko kurengera ibidukikije
• Gushyiraho amategeko akomeye n’ibihano ku batayubahiriza

Uruzi rwa Nyabarongo ni umutungo kamere ufitiye akamaro gakomeye igihugu n’abaturage. Gusa uko ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi bigenda byiyongera, ni nako hakenewe uburinganire hagati y’iterambere no kurengera ibidukikije.

Nubwo uruganda rukora amatafari rushobora kuba rufite uruhare mu iterambere ry’ubukungu, ni ingenzi ko ibikorwa byarwo bitabangamira ubuzima bw’uru ruzi n’ibinyabuzima birutuyemo.

Igisubizo kiracyari mu biganza by’inzego zibishinzwe, abikorera n’abaturage, kugira ngo harebwe niba koko ibikorwa biri gukorwa mu buryo burengera ibidukikije—cyangwa niba hakenewe ingamba zihutirwa zo kurengera Nyabarongo

By Florence Uwamaliya