Bisi 20% zizaba zikoresha amashanyarazi: Icyerekezo cy’u Rwanda mu kwimakaza ubwikorezi budahumanya ikirere

Hashize imyaka irenga 10 Leta y’u Rwanda ishyira imbaraga mu kubaka uburyo bw’ubwikorezi bw’abantu buteye imbere, burambye, ariko kandi bunubahiriza ingamba zo guteza imbere ibidukikije no kurengera ikirere.

Imibare yo mu 2015 igaragaza ko mu Rwanda imodoka na moto byari byihariye 13% by’imyuka ihumanya yoherezwa mu kirere.

Ubushakashatsi bwasohowe mu 2018 ku ihumanywa ry’ikirere bwagaragaje ko imyuka yanduza ikirere n’umwuka byo muri Kigali, ahanini ituruka ku binyabiziga, kuko 95,2% by’imodoka zikorera ku butaka bwo mu Rwanda zimaze nibura imyaka 10 zivuye mu ruganda.

Bitewe n’uyu mwuka mubi, ubu bushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko kuva mu 2012 kugera mu 2015, umubare w’abantu bajyanwa kwa muganga bafite indwara z’ubuhumekero wikubye kabiri, ugera ku abarenga miliyoni 3,3.

Iyi ni imwe mu mpamvu gushyiraho uburyo bwo gutwara abantu n’ibintu butangiza ibidukikije biri mu ngamba 14 zigize gahunda yo guteza imbere ibidukikije no kurengera ikirere.

Iyi gahunda izashyirwa mu bikorwa hashyirwaho uburyo bwo kugabanya imyuka ihumanya imidoka zikoresha ibikomoka kuri peteroli zohereza mu kirere no gushora imari mu bikorwaremezo bifasha ubwikorezi bw’abantu n’ibintu butangiza ikirere.

Iyi gahunda Guverinoma y’u Rwanda iri kuyifatanyamo n’umuryango mpuzamahanga ufasha ibihugu biri munzira y’iterambere kugera ku bukungu burambye harangerwa ibidukikije, Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI) kugira ngo igihugu kigere ku ntego kihaye yo kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere.

GGGI yagiye itera inkunga ibikorwa bitandukanye biri muri iyi gahunda birimo ibijyanye no kubaka imijyi ibungabunga ibidukikije, gushyira uburyo bw’ingendo butifashisha ibinyabiziga bifite moteri, gushyiraho uduce tutemerewe kugendwamo n’ibinyabiziga tuzwi nka ‘Car Free Zone’ ndetse no kwimakaza imodoka na moto bikoresha amashanyarazi.

Iki Kigo cyakoze inyigo yaje kuvamo icyemezo cyo gushyira ku mihanda yo muri Kigali n’iyo mu yindi mijyi itandatu iyunganira utuyira tw’abanyamagare n’abanyamaguru, ndetse na gahunda yo gushyiraho amagare rusange ashobora gukoreshwa n’ubishatse mu Mujyi wa Kigali n’uwa Musanze, bikaba biteganyijwe ko vuba azagezwa no mu Mujyi wa Huye n’uwa Rubavu.U Rwanda rwatangiye kwimakaza ikoreshwa ry’amagare mu Mujyi wa Kigali nk’imwe mu ngamba zizafasha kugabanya imyuka ihumanya yoherezwa mu kirere n’imodoka

20% by’imodoka zitwara abagenzi zizaba zikoresha amashanyarazi

Mu rwego rwo gukomeza guhangana n’ikibazo cy’imyuka ihumanya ikirere u Rwanda rugenda rushyiraho ingamba na politike zitandukanye.

Bumwe mu buryo buri kwifashishwa ni ukwimakaza ikoreshwa ry’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.

U Rwanda kandi rugeze kure runoza politike yo gutwara abantu n’ibintu mu buryo burengera ibidukikije. Biteganyijwe ko iyi politike izashimangira ubufatanye bw’abikorera n’inzego za Leta mu korohereza ishoramari ryimakaza ikoreshwa ry’ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi.

Imibare ya Minisiteri y’Ibikorwaremezo igaragaza ko ibinyabiziga byinjira mu Rwanda buri mwaka byiyongera ku kigero cya 12%, ibyinshi muri ibi bikoresha lisansi na mazutu, ibinyabutabire bigira uruhare runini mu kwanduza ikirere.

Iyi niyo mpamvu muri iyi politike nshya u Rwanda rwihaye intego y’uko bizagera mu 2030, 20% by’imodoka zitwara abagenzi (buses) zikoresha amashanyarazi. Izi gahunda zo kunoza iyi politike nshya, u Rwanda ruri kuzifatanyamo na GGGI.

Abashoramari bari koroherezwa

Bitewe na gahunda zitandukanye u Rwanda rwagiye rushyiraho, buri mwaka mu gihugu hinjira abashoramari bashya bifuza gushyira amafaranga mu bijyanye no gushyiraho uburyo bw’ubwikorezi no gutwara abantu butangiza ikirere.

Mu bigo biri muri iri shoramari mu Rwanda harimo VW Mobility Solutions, Victoria Autofast Rwanda, Ampersand, Rwanda Electric Motorcycle Ltd na Safi/Gura Ride.

Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije igaragaza ko gahunda Leta y’u Rwanda yihaye yo gutangira gukoresha imodoka z’amashanyarazi izarusaba nibura gushora agera kuri miliyoni 900$ (Miliyari 900 Frw).

Aya mafaranga azakoreshwa mu kugeza izi modoka mu gihugu ndetse no gushyiraho ibikorwaremezo bitandukanye zikenera kugira ngo zikore neza. Uru kandi ni urugendo rudashoboka bitagizwemo uruhare n’abashoramari.

Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yafashe gahunda yo korohereza abashoramari bari muri uru rwego haba mu buryo bw’amafaranga cyangwa n’ubundi bwose bushoboka.

Mu byo aba bashoramari bazagabanyirizwa harimo n’igiciro cy’amashanyarazi kuri sitasiyo izi modoka zizajya zikoresha zongerwamo amashanyarazi. Ikindi, ni uko ibyuma bisimbura ibindi by’izi modoka bizajya bigabanyirizwa umusoro.

Uretse kutishyura umusoro ku nyongeragaciro no kuri gasutamo, ibi byuma bizajya byishyura umusoro ugabanyijeho 5%.

Ubundi bufasha aba bashoramari bazahabwa harimo kuba batazajya bishyura ubukode bw’aho bubatse sitasiyo z’amashanyarazi mu gihe cyose ari ku butaka bwa Leta.

Imodoka zo muri ubu bwoko kandi ngo zizajya zihabwa ibirango byihariye ku buryo zizajya zoroherezwa kubona aho guparika. Mu gihe izi modoka ziri gukoreshwa mu bikorwa by’ubucuruzi, zizajya zoroherezwa kubona ibyangombwa.

Mu gihe Leta igiye gukodesha imodoka mu bikorwa bitandukanye hazajya haherwa kuri izi zikoresha amashanyarazi. Mu gihe ibigo bizikora n’ibizicuruza bizajya bigabanyirizwa umusoro kandi bigashyirirwa igihe runaka bizajya bimara bitawishyura.

Nubwo gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda y’ikoreshwa ry’imodoka z’amashanyarazi mu Rwanda bisa n’ibihenze, Leta y’u Rwanda igaragaza ko mu gihe kirekire ibifitemo inyungu.

Mu nyigo yakozwe na Guverinoma byagaragaye ko bizagera mu 2025 u Rwanda rumaze kuzigama arenga miliyari 20 Frw yajyaga agenda mu bikorwa byo gutumiza ibikomoka kuri peteroli mu mahanga.

Imibare yerekana ko mu 2008 mu bicuruzwa u Rwanda rwatumizaga mu mahanga, ibikomoka kuri peteroli byari byihariye 3,3%.

Mu 2008 iri janisha ryaje kuzamuka rigera kuri 8,1%, byageze mu 2014 ibikomoka kuri peteroli byihariye 19,5% by’ibyo u Rwanda rutumiza mu mahanga. Mu 2019 iri janisha ryari kuri 16,7%.

Imibare ya The Observatory of Economic Complexity (OEC) igaragaza kandi ko ibikomoka kuri peteroli ari bimwe mu bicuruzwa u Rwanda rukenera cyane kandi rukabishoramo akayabo, nk’aho nibura buri mwaka miliyoni 411$, amafaranga ari hejuru y’ayo rushora mu kugura imiti.

Imibare y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Imisoro n’Amahoro igaragaza ko kuva mu 2018 imodoka 150 zikoresha amashanyarazi zinjiye mu Rwanda.

Umubare wazo wiyongera cyane guhera mu 2021 bijyanye n’uko leta yari imaze koroshya uburyo bwo kuzitunga, binyuze mu kuzikuriraho imwe mu misoro.

Ugereranyije n’imodoka zisanzwe zikoresha lisansi cyangwa mazutu, izikoresha amashanyarazi ntabwo zigoranye mu kuzitaho, ntizihumanya ikirere kandi zigira uruhare mu kugabanya ibikomoka kuri peteroli bitumizwa hanze ku kigero cya 15%.Imihanda mishya yubakwa mu Rwanda ihabwa utuyira tw’amagareAbashoramari batangiye kubaka station zizajya zifasha mu kongera umuriro mu binyabiziga bikoresha amashanyaraziAbamotari batangiye kuyoboka moto zikoresha amashanyarazi