NDC 3.0: u Rwanda m’urugamba rwo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere

Mu gihe isi ikomeje guhangana n’ingaruka zikomeye z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe, u Rwanda rwashyize ahagaragara gahunda nshya y’Igihugu yo guhangana n’icyo kibazo, izwi nka Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC 3.0), igamije kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere ku kigero cya 53% bitarenze mu mwaka wa 2035 no kongera ubushobozi bw’Igihugu bwo guhangana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.

Iyi gahunda yatangajwe na Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije ku bufatanye n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije (REMA), ikaba igaragaza uburyo u Rwanda ruzashyira mu bikorwa amasezerano mpuzamahanga yo kurwanya ihindagurika ry’ikirere.

HENRIETTE PEACE UWAMAHORO. ( Ag.Mainstreaming of Environment and Climate Specialist, REMA) agaragaza Raporo zashyizwe ahagaragara zigaragaza ko hagati ya 2014 na 2023, ibiza byatewe n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere byahitanye abantu 1,595, bikomeretsa 2,368, byangiza inzu zirenga 62,000 ndetse byangiza hegitari zirenga 38,000 z’ubutaka bwari buhinzeho imyaka.

Mu rwego rwo gukumira ibyo bibazo, NDC 3.0 iteganya ko hazashorwa miliyari 12 z’Amadolari ya Amerika kugeza mu mwaka wa 2035. Muri ayo mafaranga, 60% azashorwa mu bikorwa byo kongerera abaturage ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, mu gihe 40% azifashishwa mu kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere.

U Rwanda rugaragaza ko 18% by’iyo gahunda bizaterwa inkunga n’ubushobozi bw’imbere mu gihugu, mu gihe 82% bisaba inkunga mpuzamahanga ndetse n’ishoramari ry’abikorera.

Mu rwego rw’ubuhinzi, igihugu giteganya gukoresha imbuto zihanganira imihindagurikire y’ibihe, kongera ubuso bwuhirwa, guteza imbere ubwishingizi bw’ibihingwa n’amatungo ndetse no gukoresha uburyo bwo kurwanya isuri. Ibi bizafasha abaturage benshi kuko urwego rw’ubuhinzi rutanga hagati ya 25% na 27% by’umusaruro mbumbe w’Igihugu kandi rugatanga akazi ku baturage benshi.

Mu rwego rw’ingufu, u Rwanda rugamije kongera ingufu zisubira, zirimo izikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba, amazi ndetse na gaz methane yo mu Kiyaga cya Kivu. Hari kandi gahunda yo guteza imbere imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi no kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’ibicanwa byangiza ikirere.

Raporo y’ibarura ry’imyuka ihumanya ikirere igaragaza ko imyuka yasohowe n’u Rwanda yazamutse iva kuri toni miliyoni 2.4 za CO₂ zingana mu 2006 ikagera kuri toni miliyoni 7.8 mu 2022. Ubuhinzi ni bwo bwagize uruhare runini ku kigero cya 39%, bukurikirwa n’ingufu ku kigero cya 18%.

Nubwo bimeze bityo, urwego rw’amashyamba n’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka (LULUCF) rukomeje kugira uruhare rukomeye mu kugabanya iyo myuka binyuze mu gutera amashyamba no gusubiranya ibyangiritse.

Muri gahunda nshya ya NDC 3.0, u Rwanda rwashyize imbere kandi ingamba zo guhangana n’ibihombo n’ibyangiritse biterwa n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Hazongerwa uburyo bwo gutanga amakuru y’iteganyagihe hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ririmo ubwenge buhangano (AI) na GIS kugira ngo abaturage baburirwe hakiri kare.

Umuyobozi Mukuru Wungirije wa REMA, Faustin Munyazikwiye bavuga  ko iyi gahunda ari amahirwe akomeye yo kubaka ubukungu butangiza ibidukikije, guteza imbere imirimo mishya irengera ikirere no kugera ku ntego y’u Rwanda yo kuba igihugu kidatanga imyuka ihumanya ikirere bitarenze mu mwaka wa 2050.

NDC 3.0 ni imwe mu nkingi z’ingenzi zizafasha u Rwanda kugera ku iterambere rirambye, kurinda abaturage ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere no kubungabunga umutungo kamere uzagirira akamaro ibisekuru bizaza.

INFOGRAPHIC: RWANDA NDC 3.0 

 Intego Nyamukuru

• Kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere: 53% kugeza 2035
• Kugabanya toni miliyoni 14.86 CO₂e

     . Ingengo y’Imari

• Miliyari 12 USD zikenewe kugeza 2035
• 82%: Inkunga mpuzamahanga
• 18%: Ubushobozi bw’imbere mu gihugu

       . Imihindagurikire y’Ikirere

• Abantu bapfuye (2014-2023): 1,595
• Abakomeretse: 2,368
• Inzu zangiritse: 62,123
• Hegitari z’imyaka zangiritse: 38,002

     . Ubuhinzi

• Kurwanya isuri: 68% → 92%
• Kuhira imyaka: 5% → 10%.Ibidukikije

• Intego 22 zo kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima kugeza 2030
• Miliyoni 335.6 USD zo gusana no kurengera urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima

       . Ingufu

• Kongera ingufu zisubira
• Guteza imbere imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi
• Kugabanya ikoreshwa rya biomass

      . Intego ya 2050

• U Rwanda rutanga imyuka mike cyane yangiza ikirere kandi rufite ubudahangarwa ku mihindagurikire y’ibihe.
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  By:Florence Uwamaliya