Sobanukirwa umunsi w’Umuganura m’u Rwanda rwo hambere

U Rwanda n’abanyarwanda ubusanzwe bizihiza umunsi w’ Umuganura aho  hakorwa bimwe mu bikorwa bigaruka kandi bikibanda ku muco nyarwanda ndetse hakanagarukwa ku mibereho y’abanyarwanda bo ha mbere. 

Kuva kera mu mateka y’u Rwanda, Umuganura wari umunsi mukuru ukomeye kandi wubahwaga, ugahabwa agaciro gakomeye i Bwami no mu muryango nyarwanda muri rusange, bitewe n’agaciro wabaga ufite muri rubanda.

Amateka n’inkomoko y’umunsi w’umuganura

Bivugwa ko umuganura watangiye kwizihizwa mu Rwanda ku Ngoma ya Gihanga Ngomijana mu kinyejana cya cyenda, uza kongera guhabwa imbaraga na Ruganzu II Ndoli (1510-1543) ubwo yabohoraga u Rwanda nyuma y’imyaka irenga 15 ruri mu maboko y’abanyamahanga (Abanyoro n’Abanyabungo).

Ku rwego rw’Igihugu, Umuganura wayoborwaga n’Umwami/Umuhinza afashijwe n’abanyamihango b’umuganura naho ku rwego rw’umuryango, umukuru w’umuryango n’abagize uwo muryango we nabo barahuraga bakizihiza umuganura kugera hasi ku miryango mito.Ibirori by’Umuganura mu gihe cya kera byizihizwaga ku mwero w’amasaka, Abanyarwanda bagashimira Imana n’Abakurambere uburumbuke bw’umuryango, imyaka n’amatungo babahaye.

Baganuzaga Umwami amata, amasaka n’izindi mbuto nkuru ari zo uburo, inzuzi n’isogi ariko bakongeraho n’ibindi byose byabaga byeze muri icyo gihe. Umwami yafataga umwuko agatangiza umuhango wo kuvugira umutsima rubanda baje kuganuza, akawuvuga apfukamye yerekana icyubahiro aha abo ayobora ndetse n’Igihugu. Nyuma y’umuhango wo kuganura hakurikiragaho ibirori by’Umuganura byasozwaga n’igitaramo cy’imihigo. Muri ibyo birori, Umwami yamurikirwaga umusaruro unyuranye w’Abanyarwanda bavuye impande zose z’Igihugu, hakaba amarushanwa y’ indashyikirwa.

Kuri uwo munsi kandi, imiryango nayo yarateranaga maze umutware w’umuryango akayobora imihango n’ibirori byayikurikiraga. Umuganura rero ni kimwe mu byatumye u Rwanda ruba Igihugu gikomeye kitavogerwa kuko watumye Abanyarwanda bunga ubumwe. Mu mwaka 1925 abakoroni bahagaritse imihango y’umuganura mu Rwanda, nyuma yuko bari bamaze kwigarurira igihugu, bagatangira no kugenda bakuraho imwe mu mico nyarwanda irimo n’umunsi w’Umuganura, bakimika imico yabo. Umunsi w’umuganura wongeye guhabwa agaciro kawukwiye mu ntangiriro z’ 1980, maze itariki ya 01 Kanama irawuharirwa ku buryo hagenwaga ikiruhuko kuri iyo tariki mu Rwanda hose.

Gusa kwizihiza umuganura muri iki gihe, byarenze imbibi zo kwita ku musaruro w’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi gusa, ahubwo bigera no mu zindi nzego zireba ubuzima n’iterambere by’Abanyarwanda. Ibyo birori byizihizwa n’umusaruro w’ibyagezweho mu by’ubuzima, uburezi, ikoranabuhanga, imikino n’imyadagaduro, ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, ibikorwaremezo, umuco ubukerarugendo, n’ibindi. Muri iki gihe Kwizihiza Umuganura ni ugusubira ku isôoko y’umuco wacu tukavomamo bimwe bishobora kudufasha gukemura ibibazo duhura na byo uko Igihugu kigenda gitera imbere.

Umuganura ni umunsi mukuru uhuza Abanyarwanda, abayobozi n’abayoborwa, abana n’abakuru, maze bakarebera hamwe ibyo bagezeho bagafata n’ingamba zo kuzakora neza kurushaho umwaka utaha. Umuganura ku Banyarwanda, uretse gusabana no kunga ubumwe, bazajya bishimira ibyo gahunda za Leta zatumye bageraho ari mu mibereho myiza, mu bukungu, mu miyoborere myiza, mu butabera ndetse no mu birebana n’umutekano. Muri iki gihe umuganura usa n’uwibagiranye ndetse na benshi bakunze kuvuga ko batazi uyu munsi hari n’abadasobanukiwe ibyawo.

Abakuze bo usanga bavuga ko kuba muri iki gihe abantu baragiye baba ba nyamwigendaho kuburyo nta gusangira bikibaho, ngo ni imwe mu mpamvu ituma uyu munsi utagihabwa agaciro wahoranye mbere. Usanga kandi banemeza ko ubutaka buto kandi butakirumbuka, ngo nabwo butuma abantu batakizihiza uyu munsi kubera ko beza utuntu tw’intica ntikize ariko kuri ibi Minisiteri ifite umuco na siporo mu nshingano ivuga ko izakomeza gukora ibishoboka ngo uyu munsi usubizwe agaciro.