“Guteza Imbere Imbuto Nziza z’Ibirayi, mu Gushakira Umuturage Umusaruro uhamye” Ishusho PASTTA II Isigiye u Rwanda

Mu gihe u Rwanda rwibanda ku guhindura ubuhinzi bwa kijyambere no gukemura ibibazo by’umutungo mu buhinzi, umushinga wo kongerera ubushobozi imbuto z’Ibirayi, PASTTA II wateguwe na International Potato Center (CIP) hamwe n’abafatanyabikorwa batandukanye uragenda utanga umusaruro ushimishije.

U Rwanda kimwe ni bindi bihugu byo muri Afurika, rufite gahunda yo kuzamura urwego rw’imbuto y’ibirayi, hagamijwe kongera umusaruro no kugera ku rwego rwo hejuru rw’ubuziranenge bw’imbuto y’ibirayi.

Ni mwurwo rwego kuruyu wa 27 Ugushyingo 2024, hareberwaga hamwe uyu mushinga watangijwe ufite intego isobanutse yo guteza imbere umusaruro w’ubuhinzi no gukemura ikibazo cy’umutekano w’ibiribwa binyuze mu guhererekanya ikoranabuhanga ry’imbuto muri Afurika, ugeze ndetse no kungurana ibitekerezo.

PASTTA bisobanuye “Partnership for Seed Technology Transfer in Africa” (Imikoranire mu Ikoranabuhanga ryo Gucuruza Imbuto muri Afurika), Uyu mushinga ukaba uterwa inkunga na USAID, mu gihe ki myaka ibiri umaze utangiye kuva muri 2022 Ugishyingo tariki 28 ukaba uzarangira tariki ya 31 Ukuboza 2024.

Uyu mushinga ugizwe n’ibice bibiri: Igice kimwe gikorwa na CIP (International Potato Center), hano mu Rwanda, ikindi gice kigakorwa na Syngenta Foundation mu bihugu bya Senegal, Mali, na Kenya.

Dina Borus n’ Umuyobozi mukuru wa gahunda ya PASTTA II, akaba avuga ko impamvu bahisemo gukorera buno bushakashatsi mu Rwanda cyane cyane hibandwa ku mbuto z’ibirayi aruko aricyo gihugu cya mbere gitanga umusaruro mwinshi w’ibirayi mu bihugu biri munsi y’ubutayu bwa sahara.

Madam Dina Borus Ati, “Ibirayi ni imyaka ifite akamaro kanini kuko ni ibiribwa bikungahaye mu ntungamubiri ndetse byinjiza amafaranga hano mu Rwanda kandi u Rwanda ni kimwe mu bihugu bikomeye mu gutunga umusaruro mwinshi muri Afurika y’Iburasirazuba no munsi y’Ubutayu bwa Sahara,”

Madam Dina yakomeje Agira Ati, “Iyo ufite ifumbire, ukagira ubumenyi mu buhunzi, ariko ukaba ufite imbuto zitari nziza ako kanya uba wamaze kujya mu gihombo, niyo mpamvu rero twibanda ku mbuto kugira ngo twongere ubudahangarwa bw’imbuto, binyuze Mu bushakashatsi, hashyirwaho ubwoko bushya bw’imbuto zizewe, iyo zibonetse rero abahinzi barahinga bakabona umusaruro uhagije”.

Dina Borus Hano avuga ko mu Rwanda, bakorana na RAB, Nkumwe mu bafatanyabikorwa bakuru, ndetse na RICA, kugira ngo barebere hamwe ko uko hazajya haboneka imbuto nziza, kandi abahinzi bakabona imbuto nshya kandi ziri ku rwego rwa mbere”.

Madam Dina Yasjoe agira Ati. “Umushinga wacu utanga imbaraga mu bikorwa bitandukanye, haba mu kubaka ubushobozi mu bahinzi, abashakashatsi, cyangwa abahanga mu kuvumbura  imbuto, ndetse no mu bikorwa by’ikoranabuhanga rya EGS, Ikindi kandi twongerera ubushobozi ibigo n’inzego kugirango bishobore gukora isuzuma cyangwa itangazamakuru ry’imbuto no gucunga neza ibikorwa byo kugenzura no gukurikirana imikorere, byose bigakorwa mu rwego rwo gufasha abahinzi kubona imbuto nziza kandi zizewe.

Uko ubushobozi bw’abahinzi bwo kubyaza umusaruro imbuto bwiyongera, ni ko byoroha kugeza imbuto nziza ku bahinzi benshi. Ibi byavuzwe na James Mushaija, umwanditsi w’ubwoko bw’imbuto muri RICA.

Mushaija James Ati. “Durakorana n’abasuzuma imbuto kugira ngo tumenye neza ko imbuto zose zigeze ku bahinzi zifite ubuziranenge kandi imbuto z’ibirayi ziva ku byiciro bya plant rate zerekeza ku mini tubers, zikorwaho isuzuma rihoraho mu rwego rwo kwemeza ko nta ndwara cyangwa udukoko byangiza.”

Yasoje avuga ko uruhare rw’ikigo mu gutanga amahugurwa no gushyiraho amabwiriza akwiye, ari ingenzi mu kugera ku ntego zuyu mushinga.

Florence Uwamahoro, ni Umuyobozi Wungirije w’Ikigo cya Leta gishinzwe guteza imbere Ubuhinzi n’ Ubworozi ndetse n’ibikomoka ku matungo, Rwanda Agriculture and Animal Resources Development Board (RAB), akabari n’umushyitsi mukuru wari witabiriye iyi nama yavuze ko uyu mushinga aringenzi kubera kumenya ibibazo byugarije abahinzi aruburyo bwiza bwo kubishakira ibisubizo birambye.

 Madam Uwamahoro Florence Ati, “Uyu mushinga n’ingenzi kuko ugamije guteza imbere imbuto z’ibirayi byiza, kuko hari ibibazo bijyanye no kubona imbuto nziza kandi zizewe.”

Yakomeje avuga ko Leta ifite ikomeza gushyiramo imbaraga kugirango umuhinzi ntagwe mu gihombo kubera mbi ndetse yewe usange n’umusaruro ku isoko ari mucye.

Ati, “Leta hamwe n’abafatanyabikorwa bayo bari hano ndetse n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa bose muri rusange, dukomeje gukorana kugira ngo twongere ubushobozi bw’imbuto, kuko Icya mbere, ni ugukemura ikibazo cy’ubwinshi bw’imbuto zizewe, cyane cyane ku byiciro bitandukanye by’imbuto n’ubwiza bwazo,”

Yongeyeho ko Kugeza ubu, kuva ku byiciro bya plant rate kugeza ku mini tubers na pre-basic, bigenda neza, ariko ko bagomba kwita cyane ku byiciro bikurikira, nkibyiciro bya pre-basic, kugirango hubakwe ubushobozi bw’abatunganya imbuto (seed multipliers), no gukorana n’abasuzuma imbuto (seed inspectors) kugira ngo bazikore ku gihe kandi bagaragaze ko buri gihe basuzumye neza ibyo abahinzi bakora, kugira ngo hamenyekane ko imbuto nziza kandi zizewe zageze ku bahinzi.

Madam Florence Uwamahoro Yasoje agira Ati, “Kubera imbaraga z’ubufatanye bw’abafatanyabikorwa, abaterankunga, n’abaturage, twabashije kugera ku ntego nyinshi zizagira ingaruka nziza ku mibereho y’abahinzi. Uyu munsi ni umunsi wo gusubiza amaso inyuma ku byo twagezeho hamwe.

Uyu munsi twasangiye ubunararibonye twakuye muri uru rugendo, kandi Binyuze mu bufatanye twateye intambwe nini mu kubaka ubushobozi bw’abaturage, guhugura abagenzuzi b’imbuto no guteza imbere uburyo burambye bw’ubuhinzi buzafasha kurinda umutekano w’ibiribwa mu bihe bizaza.

Kubufatanye kandi tuzakomeza gukora ubushakashatsi arinako Dukomeze gushakisha inzira nshya zo guteza imbere urwego rw’imbuto, twibande cyane ku ntego yacu yo kuzamura urwego rw’imbuto z’ibirayi, tukirinda ko habaho ubuke bw’ imbuto nziza ibyo bikajyana no kuzigeza ku bahinzi ku gihe.”

Mu rwego rw’ Abakora ubuhinzi nabo bavuga ko hakiri mu Rwanda hakiri ikibazo cy’imbuto nye kugeza naho bavuga ko abahunzi babona 20% by’imbuto baba bashaka mu gihe bagiye guhinga.

Uyu ni Joseph Gafaranga, n’umuhinzi w’ibirayi wabigize umwuga mu Karere Ka Musanze, akaba yagize Ati. “Abahinzi ntago bafite ubumenyi buhagije bwo guhinga kijyambere kugirango umusaruro wiyongere, ikindi kandi hari umuhinzi bigora kubona inyongera musaruro kuko ibiciro byazamutse kandi uwo muhinzi akaba ntabushobozi buhagije afite, ikindi kibazo nuko abahinzi benshi batazi kumenyi ibindi bihingwa bisimburana n’ibirayi kuko nabyo abari ngombwa, icyanyuma kibasira abahinzi b’ibirayi kubera ko usanga avuga ngo mfite umurima muto kandi nshaka kweza byiza bituma umuhinzi atera ibirayi bihekeranye bityo byarwara ugasanga ibyonnyi birabimaze byose kubera ko biba byegeranye cyane.”

Yasoje asaba ko habaye amahugurwa bakagera kubaturage bakababwira ibibazo bafite bigashyirwa mu bikorwa ntakabuza ko umuhinzi wo mu Rwanda yaba umwe mu bantu babayeho neza mu isi.

Dr. Francine yigisha mur kaminuza y’ u Rwanda mu ishami rya Musanze, avuga ko ubu bufatanye bw’abikorera kugiti cyabo n’indi miryango ya Leta bikomeje kubaho byatanga inyungu nyinshi n’amahirwe kurubyiruko ruri kwiga ibijyanye n’ubuhinzi kuko abona ko hakiri imyumvire iri hasi murubyiruko yo kumva ko guhinga ariby’abasaza n’abakecuru kandi n’abato babishobora.

Mu nama hanzuwe ko muri uku kwa 12 (Ukuboza) 2024 hazatangira ubukanguramba bwo kugenzura uko abahinzi bahinga ndetse n’ibyo bakeneye ku buryo bwashakirwa umuti vuba na vuba.

Umwanditsi: Bertrand Munyazikwiye